Stakeholder participation
Citizen and stakeholder participation is essential for transparency, legitimacy and ownership of infrastructure projects, and can improve both their design and public acceptance.
Note: The OECD average values do not include data for Australia, Canada and Japan. Japan does not have complete data for this indicator. For Australia and Canada, only the sub-pillars applicable at the federal level are presented.
Why is this important?
Infrastructure impacts citizens and communities. It is important to ensure that planning and development of infrastructure is inclusive and responds to the needs of citizens and communities. Without well-managed participatory processes, good projects may falter due to public opposition and significant delays in implementation. Transparent, systematic and effective citizen and stakeholder participation in infrastructure planning and delivery can also help countries achieve better infrastructure outcomes and address long-term challenges such as climate change, and promote minority inclusion, gender equality and biodiversity protection. This entails proactively informing, consulting, and engaging with stakeholders through the infrastructure life cycle to ensure that infrastructure planning and investments are informed by an understanding of the needs of citizens and communities.
Adoption of a national guidance on stakeholder participation in OECD countries, 2022
Formal requirement to consider and respond to the inputs from stakeholder consultations in OECD countries, 2022
Country case studies
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Stakeholder participation in environmental reviews
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Green Infrastructure Framework
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Cross London Rail Links
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National Commission for Public Debate
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2030 Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan
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Tours-Bordeaux project
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Declarations of public utility
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Planning and management of green-blue spaces
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Green-Blue Networks
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Brenner Base Tunnel
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2021 Australian Infrastructure Plan
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Engagement of indigenous communities in the Arctic
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Commercial Law Development Program
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Waterford Greenway
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Consultation to balance priorities (UNEP, 2021)